Mass
The amount of matter in an object determines its own mass. Weight is the force due to gravity and can change depending on the force acting on the object. Mass stays the same. Kg is the weight of an object.
Length
The metre (m) is the basic unit for measuring distance or linear measurement.
Volume
The shape occupied by any sample of matter is called its volumes.
Density
Density is the ratio of the mass of an object, to its volume. Density is a physical property of a substance.
Density = Mass/Volume
The standard units for density are grams per cubic centimetres (g/cm3) though grams per litre (g/l) may be used.
Pressure
Atmospheric pressure is defined as the force per unit area exerted against a surface by the weight of air above that surface at any given point in the Earth's atmosphere.
Atmospheric Pressure Variation:
Specific Gravity
Specific gravity is comparison of density of a substance, to the density of a reference substance usually at the same temperature e.g. water at 4c° = 1g/cm2
A hydrometer is an instrument that measures the specific gravity of a liquid.
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